The World Country Top 4 ETF rotation strategy – A way to fight rising rates and a stalling US stock market

Summary of World Country Top 4 ETF rotation strategy

• The World Country Top 4 ETF rotation strategy is a strongly momentum driven strategy creating high returns.
• The strategy profits from a maximum global diversification.
• With a 20-year CAGR of 20.7% the strategy has a much lower volatility and lower risk than an S&P 500 investment.

In my last articles I described various momentum ETF rotation strategies with variable allocations using our maximum Sharpe method. A good example how to build such a strategy is the Universal Investment Strategy (UIS) which always invests in a variable allocation of TLT and SPY. However, UIS is a strictly a U.S.-based equity and bond strategy. In the short term, this strategy cannot do much better than its own underlying ETFs, namely SPY and TLT.
Today, many market analysts are less optimistic about the US market. The US stock market may have culminated after 6 very strong years following the 2008 subprime crash. Treasuries, at least in the past 2 months, are underperforming as they begin to anticipate rising yields. It is possible that the UIS strategy underperforms for a few months. Keep in mind that the UIS strategy has been backtested for more than 20 years and I am quite sure that it will continue to work in the future. However, as with ETFs, every so often, one has to evaluate which strategies outperform and possibly switch some capital to the better performing ones.

Several new ETF rotation strategies under development

We have several new strategies under development (e.g., Countries, Nasdaq 100, Dow 30, US Industries) and we are already investing in these strategies, as to validate them before publication.
To address an underperforming US market, I think the best of these strategies is the Country rotation strategy, which always invests in the top 3 to 4 of 49 countries. One thing is for sure: there are always countries in this selection which are doing well, unless there is a major global crisis. During global crisis, all country equity markets may struggle, while money will rush to safe assets like treasuries. Individual country ETFs can easily lose 50% or more of its value if there is a bad government in place. However, after such a period, most of the time, the next government will be more market oriented and the ETF will recover. This political influence of changing governments creates good up and down movements of the country ETFs and these movements are quite independent of the world stock markets. So these country ETFs are well suited for ETF rotation strategies using momentum.

If you look at the ETF table at the end of this article, then you will see that there are quite a lot of interesting countries, in which a normal investor would probably never invest without the help of such a strategy.

At the moment the ETF rotation strategy is for example invested in:
30% – EWJ (iShares MSCI Japan Index Fund)
20% – EWL (iShares MSCI Switzerland)
20% – EWS (iShares MSCI Singapore Index)
30% – EIS (iShares MSCI Israel)

If you read financial papers, you may from time to time, read of these countries. But by the time you read the positive articles in the press, it is already too late to invest. The ETF rotation country strategy uses a look-back period of 68 trading days. This means that it only needs a little bit more than 3 month to detect if a country is changing from a loser to a winner.

Not all ETFs are single countries. Some represent regions, like for example Africa, the Gulf states or Frontier markets. These ETFs allow you to invest in regions where a single country ETF would be much too small and volatile.

Country ETFs can be quite volatile, so a Top 1 ETF rotation strategy would be much too dangerous. With 50 ETFs you can invest in quite a lot of top ETFs. For Hedge funds, we would even invest in the top 10 ETFs. For the individual investor the Top 4 ETF rotation strategy gives the best results. It will smooth out single ETF volatility while simplifying execution and reducing costs. It should be easy and cheap to rotate these 4 ETFs once a month if you have a good discount broker account. Most of the time you will only need to rotate 2 ETFs every month since the strategy may stay invested in the other two for longer periods.
Besides country ETFs you still need a “safe haven” asset in the case of a market correction. The best safe haven asset is the long term Treasury bond. Rising rates do not negatively affect the strategy in this case. Once the markets crash, Treasuries quickly become the asset to go to for many investors, and this will remain so even in a raising rate environment.

In our ETF rotation strategy we use the TMF 3x leveraged long-term Treasury (20yr) ETF. The 3x leverage of TMF makes sure that we can hedge the volatility of the other country ETFs with a relatively small amount of TMF ETFs. Normally the strategy will invest in 0-30% TMF Treasury ETFs and 70% or more country ETFs. TMF effectively reduces the volatility and risk of the strategy. The volatility is nearly reduced by a factor of 2 and the strategy is less volatile than a normal S&P 500 investment.
Another advantage of TMF is that you do not have to pay the 30% withholding tax on the dividends like with non-leveraged bond ETFs.

The ETF rotation strategy uses a dynamic ranking method using our modified Sharpe ratio. The country ETFs and the TMF treasury are mixed together to achieve the maximum modified Sharpe ratio for the lookback period. Here also we use a volatility attenuator of 2, which means that volatility has a slightly higher weight in the formula. If Treasuries don’t do well then the strategy will not invest in Treasuries.

ETF rotation Backtest description:

20 year backtest

The first backtest was run for the maximum possible duration of 20 years. Only about a third of the ETFs go back to 1996. These include mostly major European countries as well as Japan and Mexico. So for the first 10 years the ETF selection is much smaller than today, but nevertheless the backtest shows that such a country rotation worked well during the last 20 years. I have used the VUSTX mutual fund which is very similar to TLT to construct a synthetic long term TMF ETF.
It is interesting to see, that the strategy always kept a high annual performance of about 20% with a volatility lower than the volatility of an S&P500 investment and considerably lower than an investment in European or Asian stock markets.

World countries top4 - 20 year ETF rotation 401k IRA retirement hedging

20 year statisticsReturnCAGRVolatilityDrawdownSharpe
Top 4 country3380%20.8%16.5%-36%1.257
SPY365%8.5%20.1%-55%0.423
VUSTX (TLT)288%7.5%10.8%-18% (27%)0.692

 

10 year backtest

The 10 year backtest uses TLT as the safe haven asset and uses more available country ETFs. The strategy did well during the 2008 crisis. The Sharpe (Return to Risk) ratio of 1.2 is nearly 3x higher than a SPY or TLT investment.

World countries top4 - 10 year ETF rotation 401k IRA retirement hedging

10 year statisticsReturnCAGRVolatilityDrawdownSharpe
Top 4 country556%20.7%16.4%-36%1.267
SPY119%8.2%20.4%-55%0.401
TLT85%6.4%14.5%-27%0.438

 

5 year backtest

The 5 year backtest has an even higher Sharpe of 1.82 because since the 2008 crisis the long term Treasury (TMF) correlation to the stock market was mostly negative, which allowed to further reduce volatility.

World countries top4 - 5 year ETF rotation 401k IRA retirement hedging

5 year statisticsReturnCAGRVolatilityDrawdownSharpe
Top 4 country183%23.1%12.7%-10%1.821
SPY119%17.0%15.5%-18%1.098
TLT41%7.2%15.4%-20%0.464

 

Year to date backtest of ETF rotation strategy

The last backtest is the year to date performance. As you can see the strategy did quite well with a 12.3% performance and at this point it carries no Treasury exposure at all. In other words, presently, it will not be affected by further declining Treasuries due to rising rates.

World countries top4 - YTD ETF rotation 401k IRA retirement hedging

YTD statisticsReturn until May 21CAGRVolatilityDrawdownSharpe
Top 4 country12.4%35.8%14.3%-5%2.511
SPY4.0%10.8%12.4%-4%0.872
TLT-4.9%-12.4%16.6%-14%Neg.

 

Table of strategy ETFs

1AFKMarket Vectors Africa Index
2ASHRDeutsche X-Trackers CSI 300 China A Shares
3ECHiShares MSCI Chile Fund
4EGPTMarket Vectors Egypt Index
5EIDOiShares MSCI Indonesia Index
6EIRLiShares MSCI Ireland Capped
7EISiShares MSCI Israel
8ENZLiShares MSCI New Zealand Investable Market
9EPHEiShares MSCI Phillipines
10EPIWisdomTree India Earnings Index
11EPOLiShares MSCI Poland Index
12EPUiShares MSCI Peru Index
13EWAiShares MSCI Australia Index Fund
14EWCiShares MSCI Canada Index Fund
15EWDiShares MSCI Sweden Index
16EWGiShares MSCI Germany Index
17EWHiShares MSCI Hong Kong Index Fund
18EWIiShares MSCI Italy Index
19EWJiShares MSCI Japan Index Fund
20EWKiShares MSCI Belgium Index
21EWLiShares MSCI Switzerland
22EWMiShares MSCI Malaysia Index Fund
23EWNiShares MSCI Netherlands Index
24EWOiShares MSCI Austria Index
25EWPiShares MSCI Spain Index
26EWQiShares MSCI France
27EWSiShares MSCI Singapore Index
28EWTiShares MSCI Taiwan Index Fund
29EWUiShares MSCI United Kingdom Index
30EWWiShares MSCI Mexico Index Fund
31EWYiShares MSCI South Korea Index Fund
32EWZiShares MSCI Brazil Index Fund
33EZAiShares MSCI South Africa Index
34FMiShares MSCI Frontier Markets ETF
35FRNGuggenheim BNY Mellon Frontier Mkts
36FXIiShares FTSE China 25 Index Fund
37GAFSPDR S&P E.M. Middle East & Africa
38GULFWisdomTree Middle East Dividend Index
39GREKGlobal X FTSE Greece 20
40GXGGlobal X Interbolsa FTSE Colombia 20
41IDXMarket Vectors Indonesia
42MCHIiShares MSCI China Index
43MESMarket Vectors DJ Gulf States (GCC) Titans
44NORWGlobal X FTSE Norway 30 ETF
45QQQPowerShares Nasdaq-100 Index
46RSXMarket Vectors DAXglobal Russia
47THDiShares MSCI Thailand Index
48TURiShares MSCI Turkey
49VNMMarket Vectors Vietnam
50TMFDirexion 3x leveraged 20-yr Treasury

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Crypto & Leveraged Top 2 Strategy88.2%
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NASDAQ 100 Strategy38.8%
US Market Strategy 2x Leverage37.9%
Universal Investment Strategy 3x Leverage32.3%

17 thoughts on “The World Country Top 4 ETF rotation strategy – A way to fight rising rates and a stalling US stock market”

  1. The World Country top 4 ETF Strategy is quite interesting as a global diversifier. When does Logical Invest expect to post it as an official strategy investors can follow? Thanks.

  2. Adam,

    Thanks for the interest. We are targeting have this available for subscriber within one day. For now, this will be available at no extra charge to our All Strategy subscribers.

    Regards
    Scott

  3. Frank, liquidities in some of these ETFs seem pretty small, such as GAF. I guess this cannot become a big part of the portfolio of strategies like UIS.

    • I know. Some have low liquidity, but the indexes behind could handle quite a lot of orders. So it’s difficult to say if low liquidity is really a problem. It may depend on the market maker. It is also quite possible that liquidity increases quickly if such an ETFs performs well during a longer period.
      When these ETFs come in to play I will also post the next bigger ETFs in the ranking. If you have 49 country ETFs it is no problem to take no. 4 or 5 instead.

  4. Interesting work. I have been doing some research on this topic as well. A couple of my portfolios have switched from US ETFs to broad international ETFs based on momentum and volatility. However, there is a lot of academic research using value ranking instead of momentum. Various value measures have been used but in general, the best results can be seen in portfolios that invest in countries with a low CAPE ratio. I am attemting to study the effect of first filtering for country ETFs with a low CAPE ratio, then by momentum. Unfortunately I am running into the limits of my programming skills and have reverted to semi-manual backtesting. Have you done and work combining value and momentum on country ETFs?

    • The question is probably like the one of the egg and the chicken. Which was first? Country ETFs with a low P/E or Cape ratio will probably automatically perform well after some time. So momentum is a way to detect this.

  5. Frank,

    My theory is that filtering for low CAPE will allow the momentum filter to select only ETFs from countries that have had a correction and are in the early stages of a new uptrend, and avoid countries that are near the end of an uptrend. This may or may not be valid, or it may only yield incremental improvement over the pure momentum model. I’ll continue my testing and let you know if the rsults are positive.

    ….the egg came first since the first chicken was derived from something else…

  6. Very interesting article! Just to clarify: do you run a solver with 49 stock indexes + TMF in order to find the optimal modified Sharpe ratio composed by 4 stock indexes + TMF in every end of month?
    Thanks.

  7. Frank,

    When will this Top 4 World ETF Strategy be available in the Custom Portfolio Builder? I have a feeling this will be a good diversifier for UIS and MYRS and can perhaps help us generate even higher Sharpe Ratios than possible now through various combinations in the Portfolio.

    Thanks,

  8. Update: Have included it in the Portfolio Builder, replacing the aggressive version of the Sector Rotation, see here.

    Hi Sunil, we will not add further strategies to the Portfolio Builder until we release the final integrated version. As the possible variations increment exponentially, the performance of the sheet gets just too slow. Sorry for that, we will keep you posted on the progress.

  9. in the current top 4 countries i don’t see TMF 3x leveraged long-term Treasury allocated – is the assumption to always hold 20%-30% of TMF or short TMV? and the other 70-80% in the strategy. So on 10k 7k on the 4 ETF’s and 3k in TMF?
    thanks
    Greg

  10. Greg,

    Strategy at times is “all in” with equities, and does not always use a treasury hedge.

    We can discuss the details of this months allocation in the signals comments or email.

    Kind Regards,
    Scott

    • I am sorry, but the World Top4 strategy has too much ETFs for signal consolidation. Signal consolidation is a beta test version based on Google sheets and it becomes unresponsive if too many ETFs ar added.

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